Life-sciences

Cloning is a biological term used to make multiple copies of a particular organism by using the asexual method. Cloning can be of different types including bacterial cloning, fission, etc. We can use the process to make multiple copies of a particular gene by using a particular vector i.e., E.coli. The most commonly used biological vectors are plasmids (extrachromosomal structures in bacteria).                                        The first animal was cloned by splitting embryos in a test tube and the resulting embryos were transferred to the womb of adult female mice. Following that, biologists produced several other animals including cows, sheep, cattle, horses, mules, ox, etc. The nucleus can be transferred to the recipient organism by using two methods. One of the methods involves the removal of the nucleus by injecting a needle and transferring it to another cell. The second method involves the use of electric current to transfer the nucleus from a somatic cell to another empti

  DNA (A Bio-molecule) DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is one of the most essential bio-molecules found in living organisms. DNA is a life-defining molecule. This molecule transfers information from parent to offspring. It is involved in transferring the genetic information from one cell to next cell (mitosis).     DNA Replication is a natural phenomenon which ensures that each dividing cell is receiving the same and equal amount of information as found in the parental cell. DNA is a most fundamental molecule which has the information stored to a particular characteristic to a living organism. Most of the living organisms have DNA as a hereditary material. DNA is more stable than RNA because it has a deoxyribose sugar. Apart from that, the basic components of DNA are nucleotides made from nitrogenous base, pentose sugar, and phosphate molecule.    DNA has three basic elements in its chemical structure i.e. 5-carbon ribose sugar, Phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. DNA res