Cell: A fundamental Unit of Life

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Cell: A basic unit of life

As we all must be familiar with the term cell, a basic unit of life. Here, one question comes to our mind is that what is life. Biologically, life is when any being grows, reproduces, produces energy by metabolic chemical reaction, excretes or respond to changes in the environment is regarded as a living being. Basically, there are two types of cells i.e., Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cell. 

Prokaryotic Cell


Prokaryotes are types of cells that first originated on earth. They don't have nuclear envelop surrounding the genetic material. Genetic material is termed as nucleoid. It is suspended in the cytoplasm. Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller in size i.e., 70S. Smaller ribosomal subunit 50S and 30S. Bacteria and Archaea are the examples of prokaryotes.  


Eukaryotic cells

Eukaryotes contain nuclear envelop around their cell separating the cell from cytoplasmic nucleases and other DNA degrading enzymes. The ribosomal size is 80S i.e., 60S and 40S. Apart from that, Eukaryotes have double membranous structures including mitochondrion and chloroplasts. Fungi, Plants, Animals are all eukaryotes. 




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