Genes

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DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)

As we all know DNA is a hereditary material, and carries all the necessary information related to cells. It has information that will be transferred to the next cell. DNA controls all the activities taking place inside a cell. Information stored in DNA is processed or we can say it is in raw form that needs to be processed in the form of mRNA, so that a functional product can be produced. Enzymes, many Hormones are made up of the information stored in the form of Genes.


 What is a Gene?

Gene consists of a combination of multiple nucleotides involved to make up a protein. Gene Sequence determines any character or a trait of any living being. For example insulin is a protein made up by a specific gene sequence. Gene is transcribed into mRNA (Transcription). A codon consisting of 3 nucleotides binds with an anticodon carrying an amino acid (Translation). So, Genes are involved to make a protein or a trait like they may cause diseases i.e., sickle cell anemia, thalassemia. 




 

Genes are studied for their importance in the field of medicine as well. With the help of newly emerging fields like genetic engineering, genes are edited or corrected to cure any genetic or infectious disorder. Most important genetic engineering method is Crispr-cas9.  




 


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